High-pressure steam-boiler.



W. SCHMIDT.

HIGH PRESSURE STEAM BoILEE.

.APPLICATION*FILED MAY 11, 1908.

Patented Apr. 18, 1911.

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....WEELIII l/vmvron MMC ATTUHNEYS W. SCHMIDT. HIGH PRESSURE STEAM BOILBR.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 11, 1908. l 989,812, Patented Apr. 18, 1911.

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UNITED STATES PATENT .'OFFICE.

WILHELM scimmr, orwinnarmsnnn, Nm3. casser., GERMANY.

HIGH-PRESSURE srnmpomna.

Specilcation of Letters Patent. y PatenbdAI-W. 18, 191.1.

Application led May 11, 1908. Serial No. 482,267.: '1v1'- y To all 'whom z't may concern.'

` Be it known that I, WILHELM SCHMIDT,V

Dr.V ing. h. o., a subjectof the Emlpreror of Germany, and resident' of Wilhe shhe,

near Cassel, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements 1n -Hl h- Pressure Steam-Boilers, of which theK ollowing isa specification.

My Ainvention relates to boilers of the water tube type and has for its principal object to' provide a structure comprising a suitable furnace, a double system of water tubes contained therein, a suitable steam collector and other adjuncts in which, by reason of a speboiler embodying my in cial mode of introducing and conducting the feed water (and steam formed therefrom) through the two tube s stems and into' the collecting header, very igh pressure steam may be safely, quickly and economically generated; Y A further `object of my invention is to provide a structure as aforesaid which shall have maximum endurance and strength with respect to t-he highpressures and temperat-ures involved.

A still furt-her object of my invention is ftoprovide 'a structure as aforesaidca able ofutilizing the furnace gases to best a vantage and with a high degree of` economy.

while keepingV the space' occupied by said structure a minimum.

Other objects of the invention will appear as the specicationproceeds.

Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure l represents a section through .a

n'tion; Fig. 2 represents a. partial section of another form of my invention; Fig-3 represents a section of still a third form of my invention; and Figs.

4 and 5 represent enlarged sections respec-v tively of a valve andan injector used in the modification of 3. i,

In the drawings a isa primary boiler comprising a single tube arranged in a plurality ofcoils at the top of a suitable furnace and so as to surrounda central flue u; and b is a second orfmain boiler, also of tubing but preferablyof-larger bore than that ofa arranged in coil form, placed below the pri maryboiler andbetween it and the grate bars. l

vis'joinedto a*valve-casingpl and the lower end toa pipe ncommunicating with a high 'pressure steam'collector s'. `The upper end of b also oon'imunicates with ,s through a pipe g which is prolonged within the collector as shown so as toactually open at the upper partof said collector. From the bottom of's a pipe fis taken to a suitable hi h pressure pump 1- to whichiis also" joined t e lower end of b .by a ipe g. At the bottom of flue u is placed w at I have termed a de, iector'block the purpose-:of said block be' ing to spread the rislng gases of combus#v tion and to thus distribute them more advantageously over the tubes of a 'and b.

The operation of my improvedboiler is as` follows: Water is taken in at theuppery end of through a valve contained in a valve casing-p bein preferably forced by a suitable prlmary eed pum (not shown); The construction of this va ve is-very important and is shown in detail in Fig. 4. The valve consists of two separate and independent valve elements,` one comprising a valve stem lu with a head p adapted tocontrol the feed waterinlet below and the othera short stem 'v2 with a head v adapted to control the con! nection to thepipe m. The v'alve casing has a central branch p3 which constitutes the connection to the upper end of theprimary boiler a; as shown in the drawin the lower valve is closed and the upper vave is open. A narrow channel win the valve casing con-v nectsthe upper'valve chamber p3 with the main interior space Ap4 of the valve. `The operation of the valve` is as follows: Nor- Q mally when .the primary boiler a is being fired so that pressure is developed therein, this pressure willbe transmitted through the narrow channel lw and the pipe m so as to be equal on 'both sides of the upper valve, which"y will therefore drop by its own weight. As

vregards the lower valve, this. will also bein` its lowest position so asj to closethevfeed water pipe owing to the pressure -the valve casing p. fWhen the feed pump is started, however, water will be forced up through the feedwater pipe ata pressure exceeding t-he steam pressuregof boiler a so that the@l with the production of some steam, until it finally enters the collector s. From .s the water is then withdrawn by the high pressure pump r and, after being forced through the main boiler b, renters the collector through g. Since b is at the bottom and in thehottest part of the furnace a large percentage of the water passing therethroughwill be converted into steam and the upper tubes of b will tend to be more or less completely filled with steam.y To avoid` the consequent risk of the tubes of b being burned out, therefore, it is necessary to carry off the heat absorbed byl said tubes and their contents with great rapidity and this I accomplish by arranging pump 1' so as to force throu'h b in unit time a much greater weighto water (or mixed .water and steam)y than is being brought into s in the same time throu h the tube of boiler a. Given a pump 1' o Vsuitable size and speed thisis of course readily donethe contents of collector s being merely repeatedly passed through b and as much mixediwaterand steam ueing restored to s lper unit of time, as is removed therefronn through pipe f in the same time. I am thus pendent of the' amount o able to generate a supply of hi h pressure steam in s very'rapidly while yet eeping the dimensions of s and of boilers a and b relatively small. n

In practice I find it quite possible and convenient to provide' that the multiple of .the feed .water entering atp which is forced through themain boiler b shall be' atleast 10. This multiple as explained is quite indefentering feed 7 water land depends solelyupon the dimensions of thev several parts and of the pump r as well as on the rate of operation of the latter. The number of convolutions used for.

the main `boiler b and the gage Vand diame- Vstrength of the tubing' to be emp oyed.

` The directions of liow of the feed -water preferred.

through the rimary boiler a is, it will be noted, opposite to that of the current of combustion gases and this direction is to be unies of steam are to be generated or where' special conditions are to be subserved this may be adesirable arrangement. v 1

In the form of my invention shown in Fig. 3, I have replaced the pump 1' of Fig. 1 by an injector t towhich is joined the supply pipe f from collector s. vThe lower end of boiler a. is also joined tot so that the energy of the steam developed in a may be used to force the contents of s through the injector and into the two lower ends of the aralleled sets of tubes which make up boi er b said contents being restored to s through the tubes g which are led up through the centralue u to a main pi e. By sultably choosing and adjusting sai injector I may, just as with the pump r, pass any desired multiple of the feed water through the boiler b.

The form of my invention shown in Fig. 3 possesses certain advantages in that it is self contained, and, to a great extent, self-y regulating permitting, as it does, the 'direct appllcation of energy developed in the primaryboiler, whereas in the form shown in Fig. 1 'power must be se arately supplied to the pump and, in ad ition, a greater feed pump or pumps, or of the injector, and

by varying the combustion according to the working requirements of the moment.

Should the feed water supply to the boiler a be cut olf at any time by reason of stoppage or break-down of the primary feed pump the safe working of my boiler whether of the pump or injector type will, for some time thereafter, remain unaffected. This is' because of the large storage capacity of the rimary boiler a which will supply water or some time to the collector s as well as steam to drive the. injector t. The water level of s will, of course, sink in suchvcase in proportion to the demands for steam made upon it b the apparatus to which it is connected an as to which it is a source of suppl Betlere starting up my improved boiler all the air should be driven out of boiler a. To accomplish this I arrange the collecting header s suiciently high to permit water to iow through pipe n into and through a thus slowly carrying the contained air before it and up through the narrow channel lw of the valve casing (Fig. 3), which has fallen by its own weig t, into the connection m leading back to thf collecting header. Y

Boilers made as herein set forth are, I ind, particularly adapted for use in connection with marine engines on board ships.

Manylchanges `of detail may be made in thearrangement and design of parts as well as inthe character of the means employed for supplying-the feed water and for fore esame without departing from the spirit of my invention which I have embodied in the claims.

l. A water tube boiler high pressure steam) comprising twosets of tubes and means for exposing them to different degrees of heat, in combination with means 'for supplying a certain amount of Water to the tubes which are exposed to a relatively low-temperature and a larger amount of Water to the tubes which are exposed to a relatively hightemperature.

2. Altubular boiler comprising in combination with a furnace and furnace casing, a plurality of tube systems in series and exposed to furnace gases of different temperature, means for introducing the coolest Water to that system exposed to' the coolest gases, and means for circulating the fluid in increased quantities through that system exlposedto the action of the hottest gases.

3. A' tubular boiler comprising in combination with a furnace and furnace casing, two tube systems arranged in series and eX- posed to furnace gases of dierent temperature, means for introducing the coolest Water to that system exposed to the coolest gases, means for circulating the fluid in increased quantitiesthrough'that system exposed to the hottest gases and an elevated header above thel level o'f said tube systems and with which said systems communicate.

4. Atubular boiler for generating high pressure steam, comprising in combination with a furnace and furnace casing, a 'c ontinuous primary tube system placed in the path of `the cooler furnace gases, a `feed Water connection placed at the cooler end of said system, a second tube system placed in the path of the hottest gases, a connection from the outlet end of the primary system to the inlet end of the second system and means in said connection fo-r 'producing an increasedv circulation of the fluid in said secbnd system.` t

5. steam generator for producing high pressure steam havingy in combinationvvith a furnace andl furnace casing a primary Water tube system' arranged in the ,path of ther coolest furnace gases fandghavin'g feed .Water led thereto, a collecting header, a sec` ond tube system in serieswith` saidprimary system and forming the -main generator, said second tube system leading from said collect-ing header through the hottest part of the furnace and means for forcing a circulationthrough thewsecond tube system`increased with regard to that vvhichtakes place in the primary system. Y

6. A steam generator for producing high pressure steam having in combination with a furnace and furnace casing a Water tube system arranged in the path of the coolest (for producing gases andhaving feed `water led thereto at its cooler end, a collecting hcaderelevated above the level of both systems, a second tubs system in series with said primary system and forming the main generator, said second tube system 'leading from `.said collecting` header through the hottest part of the furnace and means for obtaining a circulation in the second tube system increased with regard to that in the primary tube system.

7. A steam generator for producing high pressure steam having in combination with a furnace and furnace casing, a water tubesystem arranged in the path ofthe coolest gasesband having Vfeedwater led thereto at its cooler end, valcollecting header elevated above the level of both tube systems, a connection from the feed inlet to said header, a

"second tube system in series with said primary sy'st-em and forming the main generator, said second tube system leading from said collecting header 'through the hottest part of the furnace and means for obtainlng a circulation in the second tube system increased with regard to that in the primary system.

8. A' steam generator for producing high pressure steam having in combination With a vfurnace and `furnace casing a vprimary water tube arranged in the path of the coolest gases and having feed Water led thereto `at itscooler end, a collecting header elevated above the level of, said system, a connection from .the feed inlet to said header',

. an automatic valve in said connection Which opens the same when the feed to the primary system is stopped, a second tube system in series with said primary tube system and y forming the `main generator, said second tube system leading from said collecting header through the hottest part ofthe furnace and means for obtaining a circulation 1n the second tube system lncreased with regard to that in the primary tube system.

9. A steam generator forproducing high pressuresteam having in combination a furnace and furnace casing, a primary tube system, a feed Water connection to `said system, a secondary tube system, a collecting header, an injector, a motive fluid conduit leading from the primary `tube system to the injector,a circulating Water conduit leading from the header to the injector and an outlet from the injector to the second tube system. p

i 10. steam generator for -producing high pressure steam having in combination, a, furnacev and furnace casing, a primary tube system inthe path of the coolest gases, a feedwater connectionto the cooler end of .said primary tube system, a secondary .tube

systemin the path of the hottest furnace gases, a collecting header and means for utilizing the energy obtained in the primary system within said casin tube system for obtaining an increased circulation in the secondary tube system.

11. A steam generator for producing high pressure steam having in combinatlon a urnace and furnace casing, a primary tube and in the `path ofthe cooler. gases, a fee water connection at thecooler end of said primary tube system, a secondary tube system within the furnace casing and arranged in the path of the hotter furnace gases, an elevated external collecting .header above the level ofy said tube system, an injector, a motive fluid conduit leading from the rimary tube system to the injector, a circulJating water conduit leading from the'header to the injector and an outlet from the injector to the second l tube system.

12. A steam generator for producing high pressure steam having in combinatlon a furnace and furnace casing, a primary tube system arranged in the path of the cooler gases, and consisting of a continuous tube coiled into a lseries of superimposed fiat spirals, a secondary tube system in the path of the hotter gases and consisting of spiral Kcoils arranged in parallel, a feed water connation with a fumace and furnace casing,

two sets of water tubes exposed to different degrees of heat, and independent means for supplying a certain amount of water to the tubes which are exposed to a relatively lower.

temperature and a larger amount of water to the tubes which are exposed to a rela- @tively temperafaire.

14. .A waiter tube boiler for producing high pressure steam, Ycomprising in combiaafation with a and furnace casing, a ,primary tube arranged in the path of the relatively ycooler furnace gases and havfung itsed water led thereto, a second tube system exposed Ito the relatively hotter furnace gases iin .series with said primary system andl the main generator, and means for forcing fa .greater lamount of fluid to circu- Ylame through said second system lthan through the primary tube system.

Elli. A generator 4for producing high pressure steam, having in combination with a furnace :and furnace casing, a primary water tube system arranged 1n the path of the Yrelatively tcooler furnace gases and havimg 'feed water led thereto at its cooler end,

a second tube system in 'series with said primary system and forming the main generator, a collecting header elevated above the level of both stems, said second system leading from said collecting header through the hottest part of the furnace, and means for obtaining a circulation in the second tube system considerably increased with re gard 'to that in thev primary tube system.

16. A water tube boiler comprising two sets of tubes exposed to different degrees of heat, a collecting header, and an mjector interposed in the connection of said header outlet from the injector to the second tube system.

18. Asteam generator for producing high pressure steam, comprising in combination a primary tube system in the path of the relatively cooler gases, a feed water connection to the cooler.end of said'primary tube system, a secondary tube system in the path of the relatively` hotter furnace ases, a collecting header connected'\with v oth tube systems, and means for utilizing the energy obtained in the primary tube system for conveying feed water to the 'second tube system in an amount per second exceeding the amount owing per second through the primary tube system.

19. A water tube boiler comprisingv two sets of'tubes exposed to different degrees of heat, a header connected with both sets of tubes, andV a valve located at the up er end` of the set of tubes exposed to a' re atively low temperature and arranged to open automatically when the boiler is not heated and to then allow air to be driven from the lsaid set of tubes into the header preparatory to starting the operation of the boiler. 20. A steam generator for producing high pressure steam, having in combination with a furnace' and furnace casing, a prima water tube system arranged inthe path of the relatively cooler gases and having feed .water led thereto at its cooler end, a collecting. header elevated above the level of said system, a connection from the feed inlet to said header, an automatic valve in said unection which opens the same when the boiler is not heated, asecond tube system in yseries with said primary'tube system and forming the main generator, 'said second tube system leading; from said collecting header through the ottest part of the furnace, and means for obtaining a y'circulation '1n the second tube system considerably increased with regard to that in the primary tubesystem. y

21. A water ltube boiler for producing high pressure steam, ,comprising two systems of water tubes .exposed to dierent degrees of heat, a collecting header to which greater amount of water than through the tubes. which are' exposed to a relatively lower temperature.'

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 15 my vhand in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses this first day of May, 1908.

WILHELM' SCHMIDT.

. Witnesses: Y AUGUST HEMPELMANN, ERNEST ENTENMANN. 

